VARIATION IN INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE BY GENDER, AGE, BMI, AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN DIABETIC ADULTS

Abstract

To evaluate the relationship between age, gender, BMI, BP and intraocular pressure in diabetic adults presenting to the Outpatient department of Government medical college Srinagar. This was a comparative cross sectional analytical study based on prospective observational design. The present study was conducted in the Post graduate Department of Physiology in collaboration with the postgraduate department of ophthalmology in Government Medical College, Srinagar. The study design involved 360 subjects, and was categorized into two groups, namely: Group A: This was an experimental group comprised of Diagnosed Type-2 Diabetic patients. This study group was obtained from Outpatient department (OPD) at Shri Maharaja Hart Singh (SMHS) Hospital Srinagar. Patients who satisfied any one of the inclusion criteria were selected. Group 2 This was a healthy controlled group, non diabetic (n=150). which were compared with Group A on similar parameters. Height, weight, blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded in these patients.IOP was measured using Goldmann applantation tonometer. The correlation between gender, age, BMI, Blood pressure and IOP was calculated and statistical analysis was done. It was observed that 83.34 per cent (f=203) men and 31.65 per cent (f=94) women reveal moderate IOP Right Eye; 13.99 per cent (f=34) men and 13.68 per cent (f=16) women revealed high IOP Right Eye. IOP Left Eye of subjects, 80.25 per cent (f=195) men and 82.05 per cent (f-96) women, revealed moderate IOP; 15.23 per cent (f=37) men and 0.26 per cent (f=12) women depict high IOP. The present study shows significant differences in IOP of men and women subjects. Among diabetic patients, age is highly and significantly associated with the IOP Of their right as well as left eyes. The present study also shows that height and weight is significantly associated with IOP of diabetic women than diabetic men. BMI was also seen to be significantly associated with IOP of both eyes. When looking at the association of IOP with BP measurements, significant differences were observed in Right Eye IOP of subjects and highly significant differences among Left Eye IOP of subjects. This study shows that obesity is an independent risk factor for increasing IOP in both men and women. We consider this finding particularly pertinent in the context of the current obesity epidemic.