Comparitive study on implant stability and bone loss while early loading protocol in two implant systems with different design

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Implant stability and bone loss are critical factors in the long-term success of
dental implant therapy. This randomized clinical study aims to compare implant stability
and bone loss using an early loading protocol in two distinct implant systems with different
designs.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients requiring single-tooth implant restorations
were randomly assigned to receive implants from two different systems: System A and
System B. Implant placement was performed according to a standardized surgical protocol.
Following a healing period of 6 weeks, early loading was initiated in both groups. Implant
stability was assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at baseline and at 6, 12,
and 24 weeks post-implantation. Additionally, radiographic analysis was conducted to
measure peri-implant bone loss at the same time intervals.
Results: The mean initial RFA values were 70.4 ± 3.2 ISQ (System A) and 71.2 ± 2.9 ISQ
(System B), demonstrating no significant difference between the groups. Over the 24-week
evaluation period, implant stability increased steadily in both groups, with System B
showing a slightly higher ISQ value at each time point. At 24 weeks, the mean ISQ values
were 82.7 ± 3.1 (System A) and 84.5 ± 2.8 (System B), with System B exhibiting
significantly greater implant stability (p < 0.05). Radiographic analysis revealed mean bone
loss values of 0.85 ± 0.12 mm (System A) and 0.72 ± 0.14 mm (System B) at 24 weeks,
indicating statistically significant differences (p < 0.05), with System B experiencing less
peri-implant bone loss.
Conclusion: This randomized clinical study demonstrates that both implant systems
exhibited successful osseointegration and implant stability when subjected to an early
loading protocol. However, System B showed superior implant stability and less periimplant bone loss compared to System A over a 24-week evaluation period. These findings
suggest that implant design plays a crucial role in implant success, with System B
performing better in terms of implant stability and bone preservation.
Keywords: Dental implants, implant stability, bone loss, early loading, implant design,
resonance frequency analysis, randomized clinical study