Study of Blood Group and its Relation with Bleeding and Clotting Time

Abstract

BACKGROUND Haemostasis is the process of clot formation in the damaged vessel wall that prevents further blood loss and conserves blood in the fluid state within the circulatory system .It is an essential factor to keep in mind before performing any type of surgical process.

AIM The study aimed to assess blood group distribution, clotting, and bleeding  time.

 METHODS The study was conducted in the physiology department at Manav Rachna Dental College. Data is available for 54 students in the BDS 1st year. Information about the student includes sex, ABO and Rh blood groupings, bleeding time, and clotting time. Standard antiserum A, B, and D were used to determine the blood group. For the determination of bleeding time, Duke's method was used. The capillary glass tube method was used for determining clotting time. At last, all the parameters are combined and compared for statistical analysis of the relation with the blood Heamostasis as parameter like bleeding time and Clotting time.

RESULTS In the analysis, a significant level of 0.05 was employed for the one-way ANOVA, indicating the threshold for statistical significance. In terms of mean bleeding time, blood group AB exhibited the highest value, followed by blood groups O and A, with blood group B demonstrating the lowest mean bleeding time. Clotting time was found to be highest in blood group A, followed by O, B, and AB in contrast to a study showing higher clotting time in B followed by O, A and AB ^[10]. Kaur M et al, conducted a study showing that BT was prolonged in O blood group followed by B, AB and lowest in A^[11], while in our studies it was highest in blood group AB then O followed by B and A. Both bleeding time and clotting time showed no significant difference with respect to blood grouping.

CONCLUSION The study at Manav Rachna Dental College assessed blood group distribution, clotting, and bleeding time among 54 BDS 1st year students. Data was collected using standard antiserum A, B, and D, Duke's method for bleeding time, and capillary glass tube method for clotting time. The results showed that blood group AB had the highest mean bleeding time, followed by O and A, while blood group B had the lowest. Clotting time was highest in blood group A, followed by O, B, and AB.