Investigating the Role of Family Medicine in the Early Detection and ‎Management of Pediatric Obesity

Abstract

background: Pediatric obesity is a critical global health concern with far-reaching consequences. Family medicine practitioners are uniquely positioned to play a pivotal role in the early detection and management of this complex condition.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the current practices, challenges, and outcomes associated with the early detection and management of pediatric obesity within family medicine settings in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in selected primary health care centers. Participants included children aged 2-18 years, their families, and family medicine practitioners. Data collection involved anthropometric measurements, practitioner surveys on knowledge/attitudes/practices, and family lifestyle questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed.

Results: Among 200 pediatric participants, 57% were classified as overweight, obese or severely obese. While 85% of practitioners recognized the importance of early detection, only 45% felt confident in managing obesity. Poor family engagement (90%) and lack of training (75%) were major barriers identified. Logistic regression revealed practitioner knowledge (OR=2.8), family involvement (OR=3.6), and availability of multidisciplinary teams (OR=2.2) as significant predictors of successful obesity management.

Conclusions: The study highlights the high prevalence of pediatric obesity and the crucial role family medicine can play in early detection and comprehensive management. However, addressing barriers such as inadequate training, limited resources, and poor family engagement is essential to optimize outcomes within family medicine settings.