The Impact of Chronic Diseases on Biochemical Markers and Quality of Life in Aging Populations

Abstract

Background:
Chronic diseases significantly impact biochemical markers and quality of life (QoL) in aging populations. However, the relationship between these factors remains underexplored, particularly in the Middle Eastern context. This study aimed to investigate the associations between chronic diseases, biochemical markers, and QoL in elderly patients.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in university hospitals affiliated with King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. A total of 300 participants aged 60 and above, diagnosed with chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, were included. Biochemical markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid profiles, were measured. QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Multivariate regression and correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between biochemical markers and QoL domains.

Results:
Hypertension (61.2%), diabetes (52.3%), and cardiovascular disease (42.5%) were the most prevalent chronic conditions. Elevated CRP and HbA1c levels were significantly associated with lower physical and psychological QoL scores (p < 0.05). Additionally, lipid imbalances (high LDL, low HDL) were linked to poorer QoL outcomes. Serum creatinine levels were associated with the environmental QoL domain, reflecting the impact of chronic kidney disease on daily life.

Conclusion:
Chronic diseases negatively influence QoL in aging populations, with significant correlations observed between biochemical markers and QoL domains. Routine monitoring of these markers can enhance personalized care and improve health outcomes for elderly individuals with chronic diseases.