IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE DIABETES MELLITUS ON MORBIDITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY

Abstract

Objective: To determine the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on morbidity inpatients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).

Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Quaid-e-Azam Medical College/ Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 1 May, 2014to 31 May 2015.Patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graftingwere included. Patients operated in emergency and who underwentsimultaneous valvular and congenital heart surgery were excluded. Patients wererandomly divided into 2 groups, Group 1 : diabetics and Group 2: non-diabeticsby computer generating method. In-hospital morbidity was defined as surgicalsite infection, acute kidney injury, Stroke and arrhythmias. P-value 0.05 wastaken as significant. SPSS version 20 was used.

Results: About 102 patients of both genders were included. The mean age ofpatents was 59.62±16.15 years. Hypertension was significantly morecommonly found in Diabetics compared to Non Diabetics (78.4% vs. 52.9%).Body Surface Area and pre-operative creatinine were insignificantly associatedwith DM. Acute kidney injury was found in 43.1% patients in diabetic group and in23.5% patients in non-diabetic group. Morbidity i.e. infections 9(17.6%) and thecomposite outcomes i.e. post operative stroke 1 (2%) occurred more commonlyin diabetic patients as narrated by the patient.

Conclusion: Patients with DM are at significantly greater risk of seriouspostoperative complication when compared with non-diabetics after coronaryartery bypass graft surgery.