FREQUENCY OF CONVENTIONAL RISK FACTORS AMONG CORONORY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS IN TRIBAL AREA OF PAKISTAN

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of
conventional risk factors among patients with established coronary artery
disease (CAD).

Methodology: This observational descriptive study was conducted at outpatient
department(OPD) of Agency Head Quarter hospital(AHQ), Landikotal, FATA from
1st June 2012 to 31th October 2012. Patients of both genders who were above
18 years with established CAD were enrolled in study. Patients detail history
regarding conventional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking,
history of daily activities, use of fat in diet during a week time, family history of
premature CAD and past history of myocardial infarction, PCI or CABG were
recorded. Detailed clinical examination was carried out, including blood
pressure, weight and height measured and body mass index (BMI) was
calculated. Relevant investigations such as fasting or random blood glucose and
serum cholesterol were performed. All investigations were performed in hospital
laboratory on Microlab-3 machine to control bias in the study. Data was entered
and analyzed using SPSS version16. Qualitative variables were presented in
percentages. Quantitative variables presented in mean ± standard variations.

Results: Total CAD patients were 926. Males were 559. Hypertension was the
commonest risk factor and was present in 61.1%, followed by use of heavy fat
diet in 45.4% and sedentary life style in 43%. Diabetes was present in 29.9%. Fifty
percent patients were having more than three risk factors.

Conclusion: Population of Tribal area (FATA) of Pakistan has got high frequency of
conventional risk factors among which hypertension is the leading risk factor