IMPACT OF DIABETES ON EARLY COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: To compare in-hospital complications among diabetics and nondiabeticspresenting with acute coronary syndrome.

Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at Department ofCardiology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from January 2014 to July 2014. Patientswith ACS were enrolled in the study through, non probability, purposive samplingtechnique. Patients were followed over the period of their hospital stay. ACSincluded unstable angina, ST elevation and non ST elevation myocardialinfarction while in-hospital complications included left ventricular failure,cardiogenic shock and death. The frequency of diabetes in patients with ACS wasdetermined and complications were compared in diabetics and non-diabetics.Chi-square test was used for analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statisticallysignificant.

Results: A total of 200 patients with mean age of 54.6 ± 9.5 years were included.Of them 146 (73%) were males. Diabetic patients were 97 (48.5%), 32 (16%)patients developed left ventricular failure, 16 (8%) patients developedcardiogenic shock, 18 (9%) patients died during the stay in the hospital amongthe sampled population. Cardiogenic shock was found equally in diabetics andnon-diabetics while frequency of left ventricular failure and mortality wassignificantly higher in diabetics (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Development of left ventricular failure and mortality is higher indiabetic patients but development of cardiogenic shock is equally distributedamong diabetic and non-diabetics presenting with acute coronary syndrome.