ASSOCIATION OF sICAM-1 IN PREGNANCY RELATED PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

Abstract

Objective: To investigate any association between periodontitis andpreeclampsia in connection to sICAM-1 (ng/ml) levels in pregnant subjects inpregnancy and post-pregnancy phases.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study on pregnant subjects aged between 18-34 years, was conducted from June 2016 to February 2018 in Narowal District byusing convenience sampling technique was performed. All subjects were firstvisited in their 2nd trimester for their blood sample and then in postpartum. From73 subjects, 45% were with healthy periodontium (from which 6 werepreeclamptic and 27 with no preeclamptic history) and 55%were withperiodontitis (from which 6 were preeclamptic and 34 with no preeclamptichistory). CPITN probing technique was used to examine periodontium andhistory of preeclampsia was confirmed by the concerned doctor and monthlycheck-up reports of the subject. Through centrifugation sera were taken andsandwich ELISA technique was used to estimate sICAM-1 in ng/ml. MicrosoftExcel and Minitab were used as software system to analyze data.

Results: A total of 73 subjects ware included In subjects with healthyperiodontium and without preeclampsia, 28.44% higher sICAM-1 levels werefound in postpartum than antepartum and 25% raised sICAM-1 (ng/ml) wasobserved in postpartum in subjects without preeclampsia but affected withperiodontitis. While a rise of 26% in sICAM-1 was assessed again in postpartumphase, where subjects were with both disorders. In subjects withoutpreeclampsia, elevated sICAM-1 levels were found in those that were withhealthy periodontium in both antepartum and postpartum, while in preeclampticsexcessively raised sICAM-1 was noticed in subjects withperiodontitis in both phases.

Conclusion: Pregnancy normally reduces sICAM-1 levels. Chronic periodontitisalone was not related to increased sICAM-1 levels, but in patients withpreeclampsia, it showed many times raised levels of sICAM-1.